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Louis de la Parte
Florida Mental Health Institute
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Cultural Translations
The W-QLI has been culturally adapted/translated and harmonized for use in 12 countries
using accepted international guidelines. Available translations include Afrikaans,
Australian, Austrian, Canadian, Canadian French, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German,
Hebrew, Italian, Japanese Portuguese and Spanish. Efforts are currently underway in
Canada, Italy and Spain to collect general population norms for the W-QLI.
Cultural Adaptation Methodology:
Cultural adaptation of the W-QLI was funded by in part by Janssen Research Foundation.
Janssen wished to use the W-QLI to assess QoL of individuals suffering from schizophrenia.
They contracted with Mapi Values in Lyon, France, who directed the work of the cultural
adaptation using the following methodology:
 | Recruitment of a QoL specialist as project manager in each of the countries involved. |
| Production of two independent forward translations of the original questionnaire by two
independent professional translators, native speakers of the target language and bilingual
in the source language. |
| A meeting between the forward translator(s) and the project manager to compare both
forward translations and to establish a reconciled version. |
| Production of a backward translation of the reconciled forward translation into the
source language by one professional translator, native speaker of the source language and
bilingual in the target audience. |
| A meeting between the backward translator and the local project manager to compare
the backward translation and the original, discuss discrepancies and possibly modify the
reconciled translation into the target language. Discussion of the discrepancies between
the back translation and original source questionnaire between the local project manager
and Mapi Research Institute and agreement on the changes to be made to the reconciled
translation. |
| Cognitive Debriefing: the test of the target language translation established in the
light of the backward translation, is usually carried out on five patients suffering from
the condition being investigated and native target language speakers. However, due to the
complex nature of schizophrenia and the effect that this condition has on patients who
suffer from it, it was decided to recruit three healthy subjects and two subjects
suffering from schizophrenia. This form of recruitment allowed for a more subjective
assessment of the clarity, appropriateness and acceptability of the translated
questionnaire, which was followed by integration of the results into the reconciled
translation. |
| An international harmonization meeting during which the translations, modified according
to the outcome of the cognitive debriefing, were compared to all the other translations as
well as the original in order to ensure conceptual equivalence throughout all versions. |
| Establishment of a final version in the target languages according to the outcome of
international harmonization. |
| Revision of the lay-out to facilitate completion of the questionnaire. This was done in
collaboration with Janssen Research Foundation and submitted to Marion Becker for
approval. |
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